Concrete piling of indefinite length



Manna 1923.

P. ZUCCO CONCRETE PIL ING OF INDEFINIT E LENGTH Filed Sept.

1m mentor ence to the 'rmness'of the soil sub-strata,v

area.

PIERRE ZUCGO, OF SAN FRANCISCO, (.IA LIIEORN'IA.

CONCRETE FILING- OF INDEFINITE LENGTH.

Application filed September a, 1920. Serial N6. 409,100.

is a specification.

This invention relates to concrete piling and particularly pertains topiling of indefinite length and a method of forming the same. v

It is. the principal object of the present invention to provide aconcrete piling which may be progressively formed and sunk to anindefinite depth, at the same time insuring that a continuousreinforcing will be incorporated within the piling as driven,irrespective of the length of the pile; the invention having also inmind the provision whereby ferro concrete piling may be formed anddriven to a desired depth without previously sinkin test piles andwithout referthus making it'possible to form and sink the pile until ithas reached a solid foundation, either due to the firmness of the soilor the action of skin friction upon the surface of the piling, thedriving action being directly delivered to the mass of concrete of whichthe pile is being constructed.

The present invention contemplates the use of a series of tubular casingmembers,

preferably formed with thin metal walls and of convenient length, thelowermost of said casing lengths being fitted with a driving end and asuitable joint being provided between the various superimposed casinglengths, said casing being further adapted to receive reinforcing rods,binders, and a.- concrete mixture which is compressed into place byvirtue of the driving process re- .sulting in a true monolithicreinforced concrete pile of any length desired.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view in vertical section disclosingthe'first sections of one form of my concrete pile and furtherillustrating one manner in which it may be sunk.

Fig. 2 isa view similar to Fig. 1, disclosing means for compressing theooncrete within the casing, irrespective of the prescnceof reinforcingmembers.

Fig. 3 is a view in section and elevation illustrating the manner inwhich the piling may be held against a rebounding action while asuperstructure is applied thereto.

F 1g. 4 is a fragmentary view in side elevatlon illustrating the upperend of the finished piling'as supporting a weight.

F 1g. 5 1s 'a fragmentary view in section and elevation showingthedriving end of a casing as formed without a point.

Referring more particularly to the drawngs, 10 indicates a tubularcylindricalcasmg member, a plurality of whichare'used to form the outerwall of a pile. 11 indicates the lower casing member, one of which isused in the construction of each pile and which member is here shown ashaving downwardly extending conical end 12, for use under certainconditions and inade blunt, as shown in F ig. 5, when the soil may beeasily penetrate This end is provided for the double purpose ofpenetrating the soil and to retain the concrete mixture within thecasing structure. The various sections of the casing are ofsubstantially the same length and are preferably arranged in superimposed abutting relation to each other. In the present instance aninner slip ring 12 s provided to overlap the joints of the adacent endsand hold the casin in alignment as well as seal its Walls. ne manner inwhich the casing may be driven is shown in Fig. 1, where a hydraulicjack 13 is provided to exert pressure upon the upper end of the casingand force it downwardly against the succeeding lower casing sections,thlsjack 1s supplied with an incompressible liquld through a pipe 1 1,the pressure of this liquid is registered by a gage 15 for a. purposewhich will be hereinafter set forth. It will be understood that thepiling may be of ferro-concrete construction and that longitudinalextending reinforcing rods 16 may be placed within the piling and heldin line against expansion by tie wires 17.

The presence of tie rods within the con crete enclosed by the casingpresents a difficult problem in sinking the structure and one method ofovercoming this difliculty is shown in Figure 2 of the drawings. ere itwill be seen that cylindrical blocks 18 are provided to telescope withinthe casing 10..

he lower of said cylindrical blocks construction. This member is hollowand has a cylindrical wall 22 bearing against a tamping plate 23. Thisplate rests directly upon the mass of concrete within the casing and isformed with openings to accommodate the reinforcing rods 17, the upperend 'end of the casing to sink it.

After the casing has been driven to a desired depth, a load issuperimposed upon it. This operation is usually accompanied by a reboundof the pile when the pressure of the jack is relieved. In the presentinstance this rebound is eliminated by the use of a top plate 26, whichis positioned over the end of the pile and against which the movablehead 27 of theq'ack bears. During this operation the upper end of thecasing is reinforced by a split sleeve 28, which is clamped around itand prevents splitting of the casing. The top plate 26 is preferablyformed with a central opening of smaller dimensions than those of thejack head. Thisop'ening is normally closed by a removable plate 29. Whenthepressure of the jack is relieved from the plate'the rebound of thecasing is prevented by interposing blocks 30 between the plate and thesolid support against which the jack normally acts, thus holding thepile while the head of the'j'ack is removed, afterwhich a superstructure31 maybe built upon the upper end of the casing and allowed to projectthrough the opening in the plate 26 normally closed by the block 29.

In sinking a pile of the present type the initial length 11 may be sunkby pressure exerted by-the jack directly upon it after which it may befilled with concrete and the first casing length 10 secured thereto. Thesuccessive lengths of casing may be forced downwardly by direct pressureupon the top of the casing wall as indicated in Fig. 1 or by pressureupon the mass of concrete within the casing as shown in Fig. 2. Ineither instance it is desirable to use the gage 15. This gage indicatesthe pressure of the liquid acting within the jack and when a greaterpressure is indicated than that ,svhich would be required by the load tobe carried by the piling, the sinking operation may be discontinuedirrespective of the depth to which the piling has been driven.

It will be understood that as the casing lengths are driven andsuccessively filled with concrete, they may be supplied with reinforcingrods, the ends of which overlap and are held together by tie wires. Theconcrete will be thoroughly packed around the reinforcing rods by thepressure block 22 as it is forced downwardly by the filler blocks 18interposed between it and thejack. This downward force will compress theconcrete and at the same time be unresisted by the reinforcing rods inthe mass as they will project through the openings in the plate 23. Whenthe piling has been sunk to a desired depth, the plate 26 is appliedwith the sleeve 28 and is blocked by the interposed block members 30,the jack head is then removed, as well as the cove-r plate 29, afterwhich a superstructure may be built up to rest directly upon theconcrete of the pile as per mitted-by the removal of the cover plate 29and thereafter built up upon the plate 26,

when the weight of this load is suflicient to prevent rebound of thepile, the blocks 30 and the jack is removed, thus providing a solidsupport. It will thus be seen that the pile here disclosed and themethod of sinking it afford an economical means for providing proper,stable support for superstructures, and at the same time will insurethat the piles may be readily driven and formed in a workmanlike manneras driving progresses.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention as is now known tome, it will be evident that various changes in the combination,construction and arrangement of parts may be made by those skilled inthe art without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is- 1. Aniethod of forming and sinking concrete pilingWlllCl'l consists in providing an outer metallic casing of relativelythin material closed at its lower end, thereafter placing concretewithin the casing and then applying pressure directly upon the concreteto sink the casing.

2. A method of forming and sinking concrete piling of indefinite lengthwhich consists in providing a tubular end section having a closed lowerend and other open ended tubular sections adapted to be successivelyconnected to the first named section and intermediate sections.thereafter placing concrete within the first named section, thenapplying pressure to the concrete within the section whereby force willbe delivered directly to the closed end of the section to drive thecasing and then connecting successive sections thereto and furthersinking the piling thus formed by pressure upon the top of the concrete,within theuppermost section. 3. A method of forming and sinking reinforced concrete piling of indefinite lengths which concrete is pouredinto the casing and the extended piling further driven by pressureexclusively upon the top of the con- 15 crete poured into the casingsection.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

PIERRE ZUCCO. Witnesses:

JOHN H. HERRING, W. W. HEALEY.

